有越来越多的病患再接受冠状动脉绕道手术时完全使用动脉移植而不使用隐静脉9,10,16。2001年Nishida10报告使用两侧内乳动脉＋右胃网膜动膜，若还有需要在加上桡动脉来完成绕道手术。平均3.3吻合（3-6）每病患。院内死亡率为0.4％（1 / 239）2000年Olaf报告使用左内乳动脉＋右内乳动脉或桡动脉。以二条动脉移植来完成三重动脉阻塞的冠状动脉绕道手术每病人完成２至７个（平均4.1）吻合，手术死亡率为2.2％而相同一时段，左内乳动脉＋隐静脉的病患死亡率为2.6％两者没有差别。而其中35％病人有做术后冠状动脉摄影，左内乳动脉98.3％右内乳动脉9.65％桡动脉96.6％是畅通的。而其平均手术时间为198 ±46分，使用外循环时间为82 ±25分，心肌缺血时间为58±22分，其医院内的绕道手术现在有超过一半是使用此方式手术。
冠状动脉绕道手术，完全使用动脉移植来完成，其危险性和使用左内乳动脉＋隐静脉者相当，但是因为没有使用隐静脉移植，可以期待其有较佳的长期效果（在存活率，畅通率，无症状率），这是需要时间来证明。
如何使冠状动脉绕道手术，更安全，存活率更高，术后病患的心绞痛心肌梗塞不再发生而且维持长久，是对应内科治疗进步上，外科手术所应追求的目标。
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